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INRAE

24, chemin de Borde Rouge -Auzeville - CS52627 31326 Castanet Tolosan cedex - France

Last update: May 2021

Structural analysis and exploitation of genetic resources

Breeding programs are based on the exploitation of genetic resources, i.e. genetic material maintained in Biological Resources Centers (BRC) like BrACySol at INRA Ploudaniel (BrACySol) and improved breeding material maintained in collections held by French breeding companies. Knowledge of the genetic structure and the phenotypic value of this material will improve its use in breeding programs.We intend to take advantage of the possibility to combine information acquired with molecular tools with the phenotypic characterization of the collections for the main breeding criteria. We also wish to develop more secure conservation techniques for the collections.

By experimenting different technologies for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping

Potato is an autotetraploid species, i.e. there are four copies of each chromosome and chromosome pairing during meiosis is random. Genotyping is therefore less easy than for diploid species. SNP have been identified using different methods and gene pools

We intend to identify the best panel of SNP to describe our collections of genetic resources and the best technology for each genotyping objective.

By describing the molecular and phenotypic diversity of the collections of progenitors belonging to INRA and to French breeders

Our aim is to develop association mapping strategies in research and breeding programs to improve exploitation of genetic resources. Molecular tools (SNP) will be used to analyze the genetic diversity of INRA and breeders’ collections at the same time. Phenotypic data corresponding to these collections will be collected and harmonized, in particular concerning late blight resistance.

Profiles of an SNP marker obtained using KASPar technolog

Example of SNP graphs obtained using Illumina array technology

Through long term preservation of collections by cryopreservation

Cryopreservation is the long-term preservation of collections in liquid nitrogen. This method reduces the workload required forin-vitropropagation, and precious material is kept safe. The precise conditions required for successful cryopreservation remain to be determined especially to avoid the occurrence of variants but also to identify a method that is suitable for the majority of genotypes.

The joint research unit IGEPP (Institute for Genetic, Environment and Plant Protection) has been working on this technology with the aim of identifying key steps in the cryopreservation process for apices, to develop a method that can be used for the majority of genotypes and then to use it to preserve part of the entire collection.